(;GM[1]FF[4]CA[UTF-8]AP[CGoban:3]ST[2] RU[Japanese]SZ[19]KM[0.00] PW[White]PB[Black]C[LADDERS AND NETS (latest version - jts, october 14, 2011) *recent additions: three new games, stylized ladder problems *nerai: SL ladders-in-joseki, SL ladder exercises] (;B[pq] ;AW[ob][pb][dc][oc][qc][nd][ce][qi][dm][dn][co][qo][cp][dq]AB[nc][pc][od][oe][qe][ch][cl][dl][cm][cn][op][eq]C[Black to play]) (;B[po] ;AW[pb][pc][rc][dd][od][qd][rf][cp][eq]AB[ob][oc][id][pd][pe][ch][ck][pq]C[Black to play]) (;B[lc] ;AW[pb][pc][rc][dd][od][qd][rf][cp][eq]AB[ob][oc][id][pd][pe][ch][ck][pq]C[Black to play]) (;B[fs] ;AW[fc][nc][jd][cj][ck][jk][kk][bl][el][fl][hl][jl][ll][ql][bm][cm][fm][gm][hm][im][jm][cn][dn][en][gn][in][kn][qn][jo][lo][ro][ip][jp][lp][qp][eq][gq][iq][nq][qq][fr][gr][hr][ir][pr][qr][es]AB[dd][pd][cf][qf][dj][jj][bk][dk][ek][fk][gk][hk][ik][cl][dl][gl][il][kl][dm][em][km][lm][om][fn][ln][co][fo][ho][io][po][qo][dp][ep][fp][gp][hp][kp][pp][fq][hq][jq][lq][mq][oq][pq][dr][er][jr][kr][or]C[White to play]) (;B[rc] ;AW[dc][cd][ed][fd][rd][be][ee][qe][bf][cf][df][hf][qf][eg][fg][gg][qg][rg][dh][fh][pj][pn][qn][po][dp]AB[oc][gd][pd][qd][ce][de][fe][ge][he][pe][re][ef][ff][gf][rf][bg][cg][dg][eh][di][ei][qo][qp][nq][pq]C[Black to play]) (;B[cc] ;AW[rb][dc][fc][ic][pc][qc][dd][nd][od][rd][bf][qf][cg][ch][bi][cj][ck][ql][qm][cn][dn][pn][do][qo][pp][nq]AB[ob][mc][oc][bd][pd][qd][be][ce][me][oe][pe][cf][dg][dh][ci][di][pm][qn][rn][co][ro][cp][rp][dq][fq][qq]C[White to play] ;W[om] ;B[hd] ;W[hc] ;B[gd] ;W[gc]C[Black to play]) (;B[jo] ;AW[fa][oa][bb][cb][eb][gb][nb][pb][dc][fc][hc][lc][oc][qc][qd][re][ef][ff][bg][cg][dg][eg][dh][fh][bi][di][gi][cj][dj][ej][gj][oj][ck][dk][ek][fk][nk][pk][qk][ql][cm][dm][em][bn][fn][qn][bo][co][eo][ho][qo][dp][ep][fp][gp][qp][dq][gq][gr]AB[hb][qb][rb][cc][gc][ic][pc][cd][gd][pd][de][ee][fe][pe][qe][cf][gf][rf][fg][ch][ci][qi][bj][pj][bk][gk][hk][ok][cl][dl][el][fl][il][ol][pl][bm][fm][gm][hm][pm][dn][pn][do][cp][hp][pp][cq][eq][fq][nq][pq][br][cr][dr][fr][es]C[White to play]) (;B[am] ;AW[pb][qb][bc][cc][ec][fc][qc][dd][qd][rd][de][ie][pe][re][cf][ff][if][kf][ig][mg][og][gh][jh][nh][gi][ji][ki][li][mi][ni][pi][gj][ij][bk][ek][hk][qk][bl][cl][el][hl][cm][fm][hm][an][bn][gn][hn][jn][ln][pn][bo][do][eo][fo][ko][lo][po][bp][cp][dp][lp][mp][op][qp][bq][lq][nq][qq][ar]AB[ob][gc][nc][pc][bd][fd][gd][pd][ce][he][je][oe][qe][bf][hf][lf][nf][of][qf][rf][eg][hg][lg][ng][qg][ch][hh][ih][kh][lh][mh][oh][hi][bj][dj][hj][ck][dk][gk][dl][gl][dm][gm][cn][dn][en][fn][on][co][go][io][jo][mo][oo][ep][fp][gp][ip][kp][cq][dq][iq][kq][mq][pq][br][jr][lr][mr][or][qr][cs]C[White to play]) (;B[cq] ;AW[ec][fc][hc][dd][fd][gd][ce][de][ge][gf][hf][ih][ei][ij][gk][cl][co][do][eo][dp][pp][eq][fq][dr]AB[eb][fb][gb][cc][dc][gc][ic][cd][ed][hd][qd][he][dh][eh][gh][fi][fk][fl][cp][ep][fp][bq][dq][cr]C[White to play]) (;B[oc] ;AW[ob][fc][jc][nc][ed][fd][nd][od][me][pe][of][pf][ng][og][qg][qh][pi][cp][eq]AB[dc][ec][pc][qc][cd][pd][ne][oe][qe][cf][mf][nf][qf][pg][oh][ph][qn][pp]C[White to play]) (;B[pl] ;AW[pb][qb][dc][gc][nc][dd][fd][kd][be][ce][df][cg][dg][po][op][mq][oq][nr]AB[cb][db][cc][qc][cd][pd][de][ee][bf][cf][ef][qf][bg][dp][nq][pq][or][qr][ps]C[Black to play]) (;B[ld] ;AW[hb][ib][rb][fc][gc][jc][kc][lc][nc][oc][pc][qc][dd][md][me][pp]AB[jb][kb][lb][mb][hc][ic][mc][rc][gd][nd][pd][qd][rd][ne][dp]C[White to play] ;W[jd] ;B[je] ;W[ie] ;B[mf] ;W[le] ;B[ke] ;W[lf] ;B[lg] ;W[kf] ;B[jf] ;W[kg] ;B[kd] ;W[id] ;B[if] ;W[hg]) (;B[nc] ;AW[qa][cb][db][hb][kb][nb][ob][ec][pc][qc][rc][cd][dd][ed][jd][rd][fe][ff][qf][fg][hg][fh][hh][fi][gi][ii][dj][gj][pj][fk][hk][dn][dp][eq]AB[fa][eb][gb][mb][cc][dc][fc][mc][oc][fd][pd][qd][ge][qe][re][gf][if][gg][gh][ih][kh][oh][qh][hi][hj][ij][gk][ik][gl][pl][fm][fp][qp][fq][jq][oq]C[White to play]) (;B[jc] ;AW[hc][gd][nd][pd][ge][qe][cf][qk][pn][pp][qq]AB[gc][dd][fd][hd][he][pf][qf][qi][dj][dp][kq][nq][pr] ;W[fc]C[Black to play] ;B[gb] ;W[ec] ;B[gf] ;W[fe] ;B[ed] ;W[hb]) (;B[io] ;AW[ga][hb][ec][hc][dd][fd][gd][id][ie][cf][dj][cl][il][dm][im][in][on][qn][bo][co][fo][go][ho][jo][no][cp][fp][hp][kp][np][op][cq][fq][pq][qq][cr][dr]AB[db][eb][fb][gb][fc][gc][jc][pc][hd][ee][he][pj][ek][em][jm][pm][bn][cn][dn][en][gn][hn][jn][pn][do][oo][po][dp][gp][ip][pp][qp][dq][eq][mq][oq][rq][er][or] ;W[ed]C[Black to play]) (;B[kj] ;AW[rf][ok][ln][po][qp][pq][qq]AB[nk][pk][pn][qo][op][pp] ;W[oo]C[Black to play]) (;B[oh] ;AW[oa][pa][cb][db][jb][ob][qb][rb][cc][hc][jc][kc][nc][oc][pc][cd][jd][ld][md][be][je][me][ne][qe][bf][if][mf][nf][bg][lg][ng][ph][qh][li][mi][ni][pi][lj][oj][qj][ek][mk][qk][fl][gl][ml][ql][cm][dm][em][mm][fn][mn][eo][fo][mo][oo][po][qo][ep][hp][mp][np][qp][dq][fq][dr]AB[ka][ma][na][eb][kb][lb][nb][dc][fc][lc][mc][qc][rc][dd][kd][nd][od][pd][qd][ce][ke][le][pe][cf][jf][kf][lf][pf][cg][jg][mg][qg][rg][ch][mh][nh][ei][qi][ri][dj][mj][nj][rj][ck][nk][rk][nl][fm][gm][nm][bn][cn][dn][en][gn][in][nn][do][no][dp][jp][op][pp][cq][mq][nq][pq][qq][cr]C[White to play (read out black's most stubborn resistance)]) (;B[of] ;AW[nb][ob][dc][gc][hc][ic][mc][nc][qc][cd][dd][gd][kd][md][de][fe][ge][je][ne][df][mf][qf][bg][cg][eg][eh][nh][ci][di][ei][mi][ej][lj][mj][nj][pj][fk][gk][ok][nl][fn][co][bp][cp][dp][rp][fq][pq][qq][rq][nr][or]AB[ca][ea][fa][bb][db][gb][hb][ib][bc][cc][ec][fc][jc][kc][lc][oc][bd][fd][nd][od][pd][ce][qe][af][cf][pf][dg][mg][dh][mh][li][ni][oi][pi][qi][dj][fj][oj][ck][ek][fl][pl][em][cn][dn][qn][bo][do][ro][pp][qp][iq][mq][nq][oq]C[Whtie to play]) (;B[ec] ;AW[ed][fd][ce][de][cf][ef][eg][qn][lp][pp]AB[cc][cd][dd][ee][fe][df][dg]C[Black to move] ;W[] ;B[eh] ;W[ge] ;B[ff] ;W[fg] ;B[gf] ;W[fh] ;B[gi] ;W[ci] ;B[dh] ;W[hf] ;B[gg] ;W[gh] ;B[hg] ;W[hh] ;B[ig] ;W[ei] ;B[fi] ;W[di] ;B[ii] ;W[cg] ;B[ih] ;W[ch] ;B[fc]) (;B[ao] ;AW[fc][lc][fd][ld][rf][rg][bh][bi][al][am][no][oo][fp][fq][kr]AB[fb][lb][ec][gc][kc][mc][gd][kd][rd][re][bf][bg][an][nn][on][po][gp][op][pp][eq][gq][fr]C[All black to play]) (;B[oe] ;AW[dd][nd][ne][cf][dl][em][bn][cn][dn][on][qn][rn][bo][eo][fo][go][po][qo][bp][dq][eq][fq][mq]AB[fc][kc][qd][of][pj][bm][cm][dm][en][fn][co][do][ro][cp][dp][gp][qp][rp][cq][pq][cr]C[Black to move]) (;B[ep] ;AW[db][dc][gc][dd][id][nd][ce][ee][fe][cf][ci][ei][ek][co][dp][jp]AB[cb][eb][cc][fc][cd][ed][pd][de][df][pf][cg][dg][ck][cn][dn][pp] ;W[eo] ;B[do] ;W[cp]C[Black to play]) (;B[en] ;AW[kb][lb][jc][kd][ld][pe][jf][pf][qf][pg][kh][mh][oh][dk][em][km][mm][om][qm][dn][fn][jn][co][do][jo][dp][ip][jp][op][pp][qp][dq][gq][hq][qq][or][pr]AB[mb][dc][lc][mc][od][pd][qd][ce][qe][lf][nf][rf][qg][ch][qh][kk][mk][ok][qk][il][cm][dm][hm][cn][bo][ho][ko][cp][hp][kp][mp][np][cq][iq][jq][mq][oq][pq][nr] ;C[Black to play] ;W[] ;B[el] ;W[fm]C[Again, black to play]) (;B[ih] ;AW[hb][dc][hc][pc][qc][ed][hd][id][jd][ld][md][qd][ee][ge][ne][re][ff][gf][hf][if][jf][mf][rf][hg][jg][mg][ng][dh][gh][kh][mh][ph][ci][ji][ki][li][mi][oi][qi][dj][pj][qj][bk][ck][dk][fk][ok][el][ol][em][gm][pm][qm][cn][fn][rn][fo][go][oo][po][qo][dp][ep][hp][ip][jp][mp][op][eq][hq][lq][nq][oq][pq][dr][hr][jr][kr][mr][or][hs][is]AB[ja][ka][ib][lb][ic][jc][lc][mc][oc][rc][kd][od][ce][fe][ie][je][ke][le][oe][qe][df][ef][kf][pf][fg][gg][ig][kg][lg][og][qg][eh][hh][jh][lh][nh][bi][di][ei][ii][ni][bj][cj][ej][nj][oj][ek][nk][pk][fl][gl][pl][fm][nm][om][gn][hn][mn][nn][on][ho][io][jo][ko][lo][no][ro][fp][gp][kp][lp][np][pp][qp][sp][fq][gq][iq][jq][kq][qq][er][gr][ir][pr][qr][fs]C[White to play]) (;B[il] ;AW[ca][da][ea][fa][la][bb][db][jb][kb][mb][nb][qb][bc][cc][nc][oc][md][od][be][de][le][me][pe][qe][kf][qf][rf][eg][jg][lg][pg][qg][sg][ih][jh][qh][ei][hi][ni][ri][fj][gj][rj][hk][ik][kk][pk][qk][jl][gn][hn][in][do][fo][mo][po][qo][ro][dp][ep][fp][ip][mp][qp][cq][fq][mq][nq][mr]AB[ga][eb][fb][gb][lb][pb][rb][dc][ic][jc][lc][mc][pc][ad][bd][cd][dd][fd][ld][pd][qd][rd][je][ke][oe][re][jf][of][hg][ig][og][gh][mh][oh][ph][rh][sh][ci][gi][oi][qi][hj][ij][jj][oj][pj][qj][dk][jk][fl][em][gm][hm][cn][dn][fn][nn][eo][go][no][bp][np][pp][rp][hq][oq][pq][qq][nr]C[White to play] ;W[gk]C[(In the game) Black to play]) (;B[jp] ;AW[eb][dc][fc][dd][ce][cf][gf][jf][bg][cg][gg][jg][bh][dh][gh][jh][bi][hi][ii][ki][mi][cj][dj][gj][kj][qj][fk][gk][pk][fl][hl][kl][cm][gm][nm][om][qm][an][bn][cn][dn][hn][mn][on][bo][eo][ho][no][ap][bp][cp][dp][ep][fp][hp][kp][lp][mp][dq][gq][iq][ar][gr][fs][gs]AB[cb][db][jb][cc][lc][oc][cd][qd][be][le][bf][fg][ig][kg][fh][hh][lh][oh][qh][ai][ei][gi][li][bj][ej][hj][jj][lj][nj][ak][bk][ck][dk][ek][al][cl][el][am][bm][dm][fm][pm][en][fn][gn][pn][co][go][ko][oo][qo][gp][np][pp][aq][bq][cq][eq][fq][kq][lq][mq][pq][br][cr][dr][er][fr][cs][es] ;W[jq]) (;B[qg] ;AW[ob][fc][oc][dd][pd][qd][rd][re][ek][fl][dm][fm][cn][fn][co][eo][hp][jp]AB[lc][nc][nd][od][pe][qe][ci][cl][dl][el][cm][gn][fo][ho][cp][fp][pp][dq] ;W[oe]C[Black to play]) (;B[kc] ;AW[oc][pd][qe][qf][nh]AB[le][ne][pe][pf][mg][qg][li][qi][mj][oj] ;W[ph] ;B[qh]C[White to play]) (;B[me] ;AW[eb][pb][dc][ec][hc][qc][rc][dd][od][pd][de][of][ph][pi][dj][cl][cn][co][do][cp][ep][fp][hp][jp][pp]AB[cb][db][ob][cc][fc][nc][oc][pc][cd][qd][qe][cf][qg][qh][qi][el][dn][en][in][eo][dp][cq][dq][eq][gr] ;W[qa]C[Black to play]) (;B[qi] ;AW[pb][qb][qc][ld][od][qd][sd][re][lf]AB[ob][oc][pc][pd][qe][qf][rf] ;W[pe]C[Black to move]) (;B[pc] ;AW[qb][kc][lc][qc][pd][rd][ke][pe][re][of][rf][pg][pi]AB[mc][nc][qd][qe][pf][qf][qg][qh] ;W[]C[Black to move]) (;B[nf] ;AW[da][eb][kb][nb][dc][ec][gc][jc][lc][mc][nc][oc][pc][ed][hd][id][pd][ce][de][pe][af][bf][cf][df][gf][of][qf][dg][fg][ig][rg][ch][dh][mh][rh][ci][ei][ni][ri][dj][gj][hj][pj][qj][dk][fk][hk][kk][cl][dl][el][hl][il][jl][ql][cm][im][qm][rm][an][bn][cn][en][jn][on][rn][eo][ho][io][jo][dp][ep][fp][hp][np][pp][bq][fq][gq][hq][jq][pq][br][cr][gr][jr][nr][pr][cs][os]AB[bb][cb][db][ob][pb][cc][kc][qc][bd][cd][dd][gd][kd][od][qd][be][ee][fe][ge][he][je][oe][qe][re][ef][hf][pf][bg][cg][pg][bh][gh][ih][lh][qh][bi][gi][ii][ki][mi][aj][bj][cj][lj][ak][ck][ik][jk][pk][bl][fl][gl][pl][bm][dm][em][gm][hm][jm][lm][pm][dn][fn][hn][in][nn][qn][co][do][fo][go][lo][oo][qo][ro][cp][rp][cq][dq][eq][iq][qq][dr][fr][hr][ir][qr][ds][es][gs][ps][qs] ;W[og]C[Black to move]) (;B[ij] ;AW[qc][jd][qd][qe][kf][mf][nf][of][qf][mg][kh][nh][ni][oi][mj][pj][ck][fk][mk][nk][fl][ml][ql][bm][cm][fm][dn][en][pn][do][eo][fo][go][cp][dp][fp][pp][aq][dq][dr][er][fr]AB[dc][kc][nc][pd][de][oe][pe][pf][ng][og][pg][mh][oh][qh][li][mi][fj][lj][nj][dk][ek][lk][nl][dm][em][bn][cn][fn][gn][ho][bp][ep][gp][bq][cq][eq][fq][gq][hq][jq][nq][cr][ds] ;W[gj] ;B[hn]C[White to play]) (;B[dd] ;AW[dc][de][dh][qh][qk][rl][om][rn][po][qo][np][op][pp][rp][dq]AB[od][qd][ce][pk][pl][qm][on][co][qp][mq][oq][pq][qq][rq] ;W[cd]C[Black to play]) (;B[js] ;AW[gb][hb][lb][mb][kc][mc][jd][je][bh][rh][bi][ri][jr]AB[ga][ha][la][ma][jb][nb][ld][ie][ke][ag][sg][ah][sh][ai][si][aj][sj][iq][ir][kr] ;W[jq] ;B[jp]C[White to play]) (;B[rs] ;AW[ba][bb][bc][cc][ec][kc][lc][mc][nc][oc][pc][qc][rc][bd][cd][dd][ed][fd][gd][hd][id][jd][kd][ae][be][mf][rf][dg][rg][fh][nh][oh][ph][rh][ai][bi][ei][fi][ri][rj][sj][bk][dk][hk][nk][pk][bl][dl][pl][bm][km][dn][nn][on][sn][do][ko][mo][dp][kp][mp][dq][br][fr][hr][ir][jr][kr][qr][rr][sr][ks][os]AB[ga][ab][cb][db][eb][gb][ac][dc][gc][ic][jc][rd][le][af][cf][nf][pf][qf][eg][fg][gg][pg][sg][ah][bh][ch][qh][sh][mi][oi][qi][dj][gj][oj][ak][ik][mk][sk][al][cl][el][hl][kl][ml][cm][fm][hm][mm][rm][sm][cn][jn][ln][go][jo][oo][po][ap][lp][aq][cq][eq][gq][hq][iq][jq][lq][rq][cr][er][nr][as][bs][cs][hs][is][ms][ns][qs] ;W[hc] ;B[hb] ;W[ia] ;B[jb] ;W[fb] ;B[fc] ;W[ca] ;B[fa] ;W[da] ;B[ea]C[Can white capture on top? White to play.]) (;B[ap] ;AW[ao][bo][do][dp][aq][bq][br]AB[qa][ra][ab][ac][dc][ec][qd][fe][ge][je][ke][qe][of][og][kh][ki][oj][lk][mk][ok][km][mm][bn][cn][kn][eo][ho][io][mo][no][cp][ep][oq][pq][sq][ar][sr][as][ds] ;W[]SQ[ap]C[Can the marked stone be saved? Black to play.]) (;B[cp] ;AW[ao][bo][do][dp][aq][bq][br]AB[qa][ra][ab][ac][dc][ec][qd][fe][ge][qe][of][hg][ig][og][mh][ji][ki][mi][ik][il][gm][km][lm][bn][cn][gn][eo][mo][no][ap][ep][oq][pq][sq][ar][sr][as][ds]SQ[ap] ;W[]SQ[ap]C[Can the marked stone be saved? Black to play.]) (;B[ag] ;AW[ea][ab][sb][sc][dd][ed][gd][ae][ee][ge][he][ie][je][le][re][af][kf][bg][cg][dg][sg][ch][dh][eh][lh][bi][ci][di][ei][aj][kj][sj][ak][bk][gk][jk][bl][dl][hl][gm][en][ao][oo][er][nr][rr][bs][gs][hs][is][js][ks][ls][ms][os]AB[fd][fe][bf][cf][df][ef][ff][gf][hf][if][jf][fg][kg][ah][fh][kh][ai][fi][ki][bj][cj][dj][ej][fj][gj][hj][ij][jj][fk][fl][jm][jn][fo][jo][no][fp][jp][np][fq][jq][nq][gr][hr][ir][jr][kr][lr][mr] ;W[]TR[gs][hs][is][js][ks][ls][ms]C[Can Black capture the marked stones? Black to play.]) (;B[mk] ;AW[na][oa][db][eb][fb][lb][mb][nb][bc][cc][ec][gc][lc][nc][oc][rc][sc][cd][ed][jd][ld][qd][sd][fe][je][ke][oe][qe][re][hf][jf][nf][of][qf][gg][ig][jg][rg][sg][gh][hh][nh][qh][fi][gi][ii][ji][mi][oi][pi][dj][ej][gj][ij][nj][gk][hk][ik][jk][jl][kl][ml][lm][mn][dq]AB[la][kb][ob][qb][rb][sb][dc][fc][ic][jc][mc][pc][qc][bd][dd][fd][gd][hd][md][nd][od][pd][ce][de][ee][he][ie][le][ne][ff][gf][kf][lf][mf][ng][og][pg][qg][eh][fh][ih][jh][kh][lh][mh][rh][ei][ki][ri][fj][jj][kj][fk][kk][lk][qk][fl][gl][hl][ll][km][po] ;W[nl]C[Black to play]))