Twenty years ago the strongest chess artificial intelligence: from the retirement of Professor Chen Zhi-lineLi Shi Shi and lost, with artificial intelligence AlphaGo go 5 fan Board（5 Board 3 wins match, the big score 0: 2 behind.In this“alpha dog,”has attracted the eyes of the world the time, know Almost Friends,“bridge in the”in“beautiful reading”column with we recall a bit of the Chinese Weiqi artificial intelligence pioneer, Chen Zhi-line of the old gentleman's story:
Original title: the whole world is talking about AlphaGo and Lee SAI stone, but you know once the computer go to the strongest person is a Chinese retired old Professor?
Today, the whole world is concerned about one thing: Li Shi Shi on behalf of the human acceptance of artificial intelligence AlphaGo challenge, to defend the human wisdom of the last barriers--go.
Who will lose and who will win?If Li Shi Shi was defeated, what does that mean?Now, we all know that the first disc Lee SAI Stone lost the battle.
Just a few short years, artificial intelligence in the game of go on the disc to achieve such success, in which scientific principles and technical details have not we, the lay people to engage gotta know.
Even and line the moment the computer Go program is also not the same thing.
Twenty years ago, there was a group of people, they cheerfully write a program, want to let the computer learn to under go.
Them numerous times to be told, under the go, the computer is not human, but they literally have to give it a try.
And in this process, there is a Chinese man once stood at the peak.At the time the world's highest level of computer Go tournament, he designed the program continuously won the three-time champion, and break the three people chess by sub-record.
In all contention that AlphaGo today, I think we should at least mention his name.
Data chart: Chen Zhi-line of the old gentleman left
This person called Chan Chi line.In 1991 before retiring, he was Sun Yat-sen University Department of chemistry Professor, main research direction is quantum chemistry, published by the organic molecular orbital theory of action.
You'll want to: the quantization learn?So the high-end concept, presumably being used to his computer go where to go.
He took the computer and go together, is to retire after only started do.
He is an avid chess fan.However, contrary to childhood learn chess rules, his thirty years after the abandoned chess and learn go.
His Lear is also reflected in the Natural Sciences who style:
Like scientific research, the collected data disaggregated made into cards.This card is made with small squares or geometric exercises in this cut, painted the figure, do the notes, a large part of which became the front is the problem figure, the back is the solution figure form.This work has been done in 1977, with the information of the card to accumulate seven or eight thousand more....... With chess force growth, I more and more feel go inscrutable, and his own intellectual shortcomings, it is difficult to reach the highest realm to comprehend its a great wonderful idea.So I off the beaten track, combined with your own favorite“numbers game”, the research potential is equivalent to how many mesh, weak chess equivalent of a negative how much mesh and other issues, has formed a kind of go a quantitative theory.This study did not seem to make their own chess skills to get what gain, but for the later study of computer go volts important a pen.
During the Cultural Revolution, the University of the normal teaching and learning activities is disrupted, Chen Zhi-line to put the excess energies are put to go in.He even wrote a letter, indicating that don't want to which Hill University Department of chemistry lecturer, and invite him to go to the teacher recommended him to go to Guangzhou Sports Commission work, that is, when a handyman is also good, as long as they can often get go teacher pointing would meet.He's go to the teacher to look after the letter can not help but stunned, and asked him not to jerk off to.
He studied computer is also against the self-study.
In 1977, he went to Shanghai school academic conferences, and live with three other individuals both to understand the computer, often talking about a programming problem, and he know it.It so happens that the guest house downstairs there is a 书亭, there are computer books to sell, he went and bought two books.
So, he started touching the computer.That year, Chen Zhi-line forty-six years old.
Chen Zhi line is a take line of people.In his 1977 12 on 22 May from Shanghai back to Guangzhou, to a month after the 1978 1 on 25 May, it first went to The Sun Yat-sen University computing center, using a computer to run his preparation of the quantum chemistry program, but also to get a little academic results.The late seventies and early Eighties of the computer, and now we are familiar with may not be the same.
Then to the punch on the programmed conversion of wear on the tape rows of holes, each row represents one character; the program has a fault you have with scissors and glue to modify the tape.Now the computer on the table, only accounted for half Desk position.When is a monster: the ratio of the coat Cabinet is also much larger of a set of chassis, plus read the tape machines, console, printer, etc., each piece than it is now one of the whole is much greater.However, its computing speed and storage capacity are also not as I began to engage in computer go with an XT computer, and XT than the now popular Pentium computer slower hundreds of times, the other function is more far from it.That is the way of the computer, the whole school is also only one station.To be on the machine, you have to register, queue.
On such conditions, Chen Zhi-line has developed the BASIC practice with computational practice of the process system, the physical and chemical Teaching Program system, the thermodynamic calculation program system, in 1989 the state Commission of Education outstanding teaching achievement national award of excellence.
It is important that he not only put the computer as a tool, and it is really like to play with the computer.
Two interests collide together, Chen Zhi line to go and the computer together seems to be logical.
And I heard that China has someone to engage in, but also said that Japan in the“fifth generation”computer of the development of the target tissue under a Go program of the research topic, the requirements within 5 years so that the program reaches Level 5 level.These messages make my heart be strongly pull it.Put a lot of time to spend in the next go on, nothing is over chess addiction.Why don't you put the computer go research more funny?
In 1991, Chen Zhi line from Mountain College retirement, he affirms that does not accept rehired, but to put all the effort put into the computer go to the study.
Chan Chi retire upon himself to borrow money to buy a computer“to play”Go artificial intelligence
First have to buy a computer.The school of that big guy is the RUB doesn't, it is too slow.His purse bought a XT computer.
Then, find a I artificial intelligence book,“just look at, many of the content also did not understand it”.
Just like that, Chen Zhi-line with half a winter vacation to compile a Go program.
Really so-so to be able to play chess, and compared to the world's first commodity-Go program“Nimes Sith”is also not inferior color.Winter break after a month of spare time has been improved, chess has more than“Nimes Sith”the earliest version.
He put this app named“hand talk”, handtalk。
In 1991, Chen Zhi-line to participate in the International Computer GO tournament, and achieved sixth place.
This version has been preliminary to solve a block, degrees of freedom, the eye-shaped judgment, string J-Escape and other issues, but far from perfect.
Cattle knife small test after his friends borrowed $ 1200, bought a 286CPU computer, more than a year after the upgrade to the 386/40, in order to make the following improvements:
Added joseki; the waste of the original degrees of freedom of the programme and replaced by a more reasonable solution; the pieces between the even off the issue for determination: although still preliminary judgment, but use one large module.Put the string J-Escape with two gas string to limit the extension to three gas string; handle dual J-problems, i.e., the beat eating a string and wiped out another string; increase mode; to program a preliminary to kill capacity.
After such a transformation, substantially completed later the champion of the World program of the basic architecture.
In 1992, participated in the first session of the national computer Go tournament, the champion.
In 1992, participated in the Tokyo International Computer GO tournament, the runner-up.
Got less than a thousand yuan bonus.Still not enough to buy an Apple Macintosh（Macintosh）PC.And with the calculation to improve the accuracy of,“hand talk”in Chen Zhi-line only one XT and a 286 running on more and more slowly.
At the time of program is not like now as having two computers for communication between auto chess, only put a computer in The Walking manually input to another computer.Then put that piece 286 upgrade to the 386, and bought an old 286 that.Two programs of chess in the 286 and 386 were carried out.
Waiting impatiently when he was in the room playing tai Chi.Hit a few strokes, the program before the next move.
1993, 11 month, Chan Chi before to go to Chengdu to participate in the new session of the International Computer Chess Tournament.He overcame carat Zeke“Polish star”, the Korean Li Zhong Tiger, Chen G training“chess coma”, the Buddha strand of“many faces”, the High Country elements“chess rocks”, the Germans MODGO。11 on 12 May, Chen Zhi-row to six-fight victory streak for the first time on the world champion throne.
This back and finally have the money to buy 28000 diverse Macintosh too.
A few months later, Chen Zhi line and a Japanese company signed a contract to“chess 2”name released in Japan“hand talk”to.1995 12 month listing.
In the Japanese market of the“hand talk”software.“Hand talk”for Go chess nickname.
1994, 11 month, Taipei International Computer GO tournament, the“hand talk”to get third place.
Next, is Chen Zhi-line and“hand talk”the most brilliant era of it.
1995, 9 month, Tokyo FOST Cup World computer go Championship, champion.“Hand talk”is also the Japanese Ki-identified as 5 levels.
In 1995, it should be's Cup International Computer GO tournament, the champion.
1996, 9 month, Tokyo, the second session of the FOST Cup World computer go Championship, is still the champion.
In 1996, Chen Zhi-line of the old unit, Sun Yat-Sen co-be's Cup International Computer GO tournament, he arena combat.In addition to the“hand talk”, he guided a group to prepare the program“Black Heron”also participated in the race.
“Hand talk”and be the champion.
In 1997, Nagoya, the third session of the FOST Cup World computer go Championship.
“Hand talk”in the second round is out of the question: it rivals although is weak, but that“hand talk”timeout as negative.
This is perhaps it is because the opponent is WEAK, on the Board left many unresolved problems, so that the“hand talk”to spend a lot of time to calculate.
But the near misses,“hand talk”still won the FOST Cup World computer go Championship three consecutive years.
In 1997, should be's Cup International Computer GO tournament in the United States organized.“Hand talk”and the Nagoya race's biggest rivals, the British Rui design of GO4++。In the event the hair of the data, Rui at it this way:
Over the last two years I was in full time to improve GO4++...... Recently with the“hand talk”96 years should be's Cup version of chess 66 innings, winning 56 of the Bureau, the average wins 15. 6 points...... The results of the current GO4++become the Japanese market on the biggest sales of the Go program.
It seems that the competition has gone from mere intellectual competition spread to the commercial sector.
In the game,“Hand talk”accidentally lose a few discs.With the GO4++front of the situation, it is also continuous mistakes, have almost the success or failure of the Bureau, did not expect to wrap up, the GO4++'re coping stricken, the“hand talk”turned out to turn the tables, narrow escape.
At this point, Chen Zhi row and his“hand talk”even to take the sixth international champion, became a computer Go program the most strong.
A retired old Professor, in life's later years to reinvent the wheel, but also the removal of the world's most powerful title, no matter from what point of view, this story is all too inspirational too.
At the beginning of the study of computer go, his old friend to persuade him not too desperately, to pay attention to the body, much more to live for a few years, the multi-look at a few eye this colorful world.
His answer is:
I was down there don't care to see more of this world, but want to dry something.I told him to engage in computer go determination, and in the letter indicate: do not win the world championship, the punishment is!
In all fairness, the year the computer go competitions in the form on the program with the program of the game, objects can be said to“Church computer go under”, and today AlphaGo with real chess pros, human of the strongest competition, completely incomparable.
Each time The should be's Cup after the race, we will arrange for the championship program with three teenagers chess players were affected by the sub-game.In 1997, the“hand talk”the three games by 10 hand game, the result is two wins and one negative.Visible“hand talk”chess of the true level.
But then a powerful Giants also have a toddler at the time.Looking back now, to“hand talk”as the representative of the old computer Go program despite falling behind a little bit ridiculous, but if not them, it is impossible to have today's AlphaGo。
Chen Zhi such artificial intelligence pioneer, just like Newton's the mathematical principles of Natural Philosophy before the ancient Greek natural philosophers, like, in the back of the human eye in their study of a simple, naive, full of fallacies, but they also reflect human wisdom and reason in a particular era can reach the highest achievements.
Today, I'm in Tencent saw Li Shi Shi resolution AlphaGo live, hear guest host, the CSDN President Jiang Tao in review artificial intelligence learning go of course, the mentioned Chen Zhi line name, said he was go the artificial intelligence of the first generation of experts.
After all or just someone to remember him, remember the“hand talk”to.
Chen Zhi line to leave us a“hand talk”software and the computer go to the small cave on
In the name of the computer go to the small cave on the book at the end, Chen Zhi line so the prophecy said:
Artificial intelligence science now also at an early age, it is possible to solve chess as the Smart problem; and for the game of go as a complex problem, you have to rely on several generations of unremitting efforts, careful study, to find the law, the rise of the theory, and gradually improved.
Exactly how long, now is also not easy to estimate.Someone in the 1997 FOST Cup period, that is, the“Deep Blue”beat Casper Croft soon launched a call: a Go program when the segment, when the defeat of the human top player for?Estimate the length varies.I estimate that by 2020 into segments, 2100 defeat the Humans of the highest level owner.
Chen Zhi line has died in 2008, if he knew today AlphaGo beat of today's most powerful human chess player Li Shi Shi, than he expected to be much faster, and presumably will also be thrilled.
Thank you, Chen teacher.
(computer translation)
https://www.guancha.cn/TMT/2016_03_10_353558.shtml
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