Dear Bill,
Bill Spight wrote:As I have said, chunking occurs automatically, and my suspicion is that White learned this chunk automatically, and, as a result, incorrectly.
Perhaps your conclusion is a bit over-hasty ?
In the problem Black cannot play

because of damezumari. The three stones have at that point only 2 dame.
This is undoubtedly correct. However, ...
White should have learned the dame count as part of the chunk.
... how could White have gained this knowledge in the absense of further examples (for study) ?
Learning that kind of thing is not all that likely to happen with automatic chunking, which is why I talk about chunking in the context of sub-problems and subgoals, and why I talk about understanding.
Again, this is undoubtedly correct. Repetition matters !!!
E.g.
$$B Zero liberties
$$ --------------------
$$ | O . . . O X . . .
$$ | O . O O O X . . .
$$ | O O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B Zero liberties
$$ --------------------
$$ | O . . . O X . . .
$$ | O . O O O X . . .
$$ | O O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
vs.
$$B Zero liberties
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O X . . .
$$ | . O O O X . . .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B Zero liberties
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O X . . .
$$ | . O O O X . . .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .[/go]
$$B One liberty
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O . . . .
$$ | . O O O X . X .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B One liberty
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O . . . .
$$ | . O O O X . X .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | X X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .[/go]
$$B Two liberties
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O . . . .
$$ | . O O O X . X .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | . X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .
$$ | . X . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B Two liberties
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . O . . . .
$$ | . O O O X . X .
$$ | O O X X X . . .
$$ | . X X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .
$$ | . X . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . .[/go]
BTW, the extra dame is what psychologists call a just noticeable difference (JND). If you use flashcards for training, I recommend making flashcards with JNDs from the original problem or position, to avoid making the kind of mistake that White made in a real game.
Good idea. Its application could be extended to cases, where several stones that are in atari (or could be put in atari) are only on the tsume-go board to bedazzle your mind
