How to focus on Sente/Gote?

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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by jts »

Thunkd, you may also be missing something that Uberdude's examples don't emphasize: if a move is your sente, it is your privilege to play it or not. Once the move becomes globally sente, then you can throw it in at any point and expect your opponent to answer. If you have a 1 pt sente that threatens to kill a group, that is your sente at :b51:, and it will still be your sente at :b251: . If your opponent plays it while there are 6pt gote still on the board... great! He just lost 2 points. If your opponent plays it while there are 2 pt gote left... whatever! Your opponent didn't net any points, and he might even have lost one.

This is why we say "sente gains nothing". You expect both sides to get all their sente moves. You can only get ahead by playing gote moves, or taking the other guy's sente moves away from him. A sente move is like a check in your wallet.

And that check is worth 1 point in sente whether you cash it now or in 200 moves, so if at any point it turns out you wish you hadn't played it or had waited to play it, that's a pure loss.

PS - this is a way in which sente moves are different from forcing moves. A forcing move is only sente so long as it threatens to do something your opponent wants to prevent (like, preventing your group from living) - once you've done that, those moves aren't sente and your opponent will not respond.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by jts »

An example.




From W96, M9 is W's sente. He waits 70 moves and plays it as a ko threat. Black needs to find another threat, and chooses one which loses a point. White wins by 0.5.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by Thunkd »

jts wrote:This is why we say "sente gains nothing". You expect both sides to get all their sente moves. You can only get ahead by playing gote moves, or taking the other guy's sente moves away from him. A sente move is like a check in your wallet.
This is a difficult concept for me. Looking at the example I think maybe I see why I'm not getting it. The example you posted is a type of situation that I rarely encounter (or at least notice) where one player has a sente move and the other player has no incentive to play in the area other than preventing that sente move. Usually when I'm dealing with sente moves both players have a move which would be sente in the area. So it's a situation where if you play elsewhere your opponent will likely play here first taking their sente move.

The subclass of moves that are "sente for me but relatively uninteresting for my opponent" just isn't something that happens often for me. But having looked at your example, I certainly agree... playing that type of sente move just because you can seems like a mistake. It is a great ko threat and your opponent will almost certainly not make the move as there are much bigger things to do elsewhere. So there is no reason you need to make this move now and reasons why it might be useful to have later on.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by skydyr »

Thunkd wrote:
jts wrote:This is why we say "sente gains nothing". You expect both sides to get all their sente moves. You can only get ahead by playing gote moves, or taking the other guy's sente moves away from him. A sente move is like a check in your wallet.
This is a difficult concept for me. Looking at the example I think maybe I see why I'm not getting it. The example you posted is a type of situation that I rarely encounter (or at least notice) where one player has a sente move and the other player has no incentive to play in the area other than preventing that sente move. Usually when I'm dealing with sente moves both players have a move which would be sente in the area. So it's a situation where if you play elsewhere your opponent will likely play here first taking their sente move.
Well, a gote move is worth playing when it gains at least twice as much as your biggest sente move on the board, generally speaking. That means that if you have a sente move that's a lot less valuable than the biggest move on the board, even if it's sente, your opponent shouldn't take gote to prevent that small value, they should take the biggest move. Assuming your level is 9k or so as your profile suggests, you are probably at the point where you will see people still play those small gote moves, and you can punish them by taking the big move they ignored for that small move. This means that you can hold off on those sente edge plays until they're near the value of whatever big middle game fight is going on, which means that the middle game is likely mostly done. Then, assuming your opponent played correctly, the sente move is still there for you to make, and it was in reserve as a ko threat before.

Because of this, that sente move can be played at anytime up to a certain point in the game, and that means you can count it as yours. It's only when your opponent takes gote to prevent it that you don't get the points. This means that the opponent's gote move gained them points, whereas your sente move was playing out something you already had.

When there are double-sente moves, moves that are sente for both sides, those are immediately big and should be played fairly early. How big they are is really a function of the threats they make, so as soon as bigger threats have died down, you should play them immediately. That said, you also need to ensure that you aren't confusing a gote move that has a sente followup with a sente move and immediately defending, because the followup is only the value of the gain in sente.

Hopefully this makes more sense?
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by Bill Spight »

Thunkd wrote:
jts wrote:This is why we say "sente gains nothing". You expect both sides to get all their sente moves. You can only get ahead by playing gote moves, or taking the other guy's sente moves away from him. A sente move is like a check in your wallet.
This is a difficult concept for me. Looking at the example I think maybe I see why I'm not getting it. The example you posted is a type of situation that I rarely encounter (or at least notice) where one player has a sente move and the other player has no incentive to play in the area other than preventing that sente move. Usually when I'm dealing with sente moves both players have a move which would be sente in the area. So it's a situation where if you play elsewhere your opponent will likely play here first taking their sente move.
Such moves are called "double sente" and are rare, as they depend upon the whole board. If you usually encounter such moves, that is probably an illusion.
The subclass of moves that are "sente for me but relatively uninteresting for my opponent" just isn't something that happens often for me.
Actually, they are common. I don't know about the "uninteresting" part, but they are reverse sente for your opponent. :)
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by jts »

Thunkd, can you show us the games in question? If we look at all these double-sente moves in your games that you have to play before your opponent gets there first, I'll bet we'll clear it up pretty quickly.

I have hunch that you're confusing "a move with a follow-up" with "a sente move". When a move has a follow-up, most of the time you just have to accept the possibility that your opponent gets the followup as part of the value of the first move. When he has a sente followup, you just assume he gets the move and count the whole value of the follow-up as part of the original move, and don't treat it as anything special when he takes it. (Remember, sente gains nothing! :twisted: ) When he has a gote follow-up, you assume that it's a coin-flip who will get it, and count half of the value of the followup as part of his first move.

Anyway, moves can have big follow-ups without being sente. The follow-up needs to actually be bigger than the original move to count as sente.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by Thunkd »

jts wrote:Thunkd, can you show us the games in question? If we look at all these double-sente moves in your games that you have to play before your opponent gets there first, I'll bet we'll clear it up pretty quickly.
I didn't have any particular game in mind. The first example that jumps to mind is the endgame play where both sides have a wall descending to the second line and either can hane threatening to breaking into the other's territory. One side hane's, the other blocks, then both connect. Whoever plays there first gets to make the sente move.
jts wrote:I have hunch that you're confusing "a move with a follow-up" with "a sente move".
That's entirely possible.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by skydyr »

Thunkd wrote:The first example that jumps to mind is the endgame play where both sides have a wall descending to the second line and either can hane threatening to breaking into the other's territory. One side hane's, the other blocks, then both connect. Whoever plays there first gets to make the sente move.
You don't often see similar situations where one player has a stone placed to make it gote for the encroaching player, but the other does not, leaving it sente?
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by jts »

Thunkd wrote:
jts wrote:Thunkd, can you show us the games in question? If we look at all these double-sente moves in your games that you have to play before your opponent gets there first, I'll bet we'll clear it up pretty quickly.
I didn't have any particular game in mind. The first example that jumps to mind is the endgame play where both sides have a wall descending to the second line and either can hane threatening to breaking into the other's territory. One side hane's, the other blocks, then both connect. Whoever plays there first gets to make the sente move.
Yeah, that's the classic example of a double sente move. It actually doesn't occur very often in my games, though... there's this sequence with the footsweep, but even this (a) tends to get resolved by fighting and (b) actually isn't quite symmetrical, it's much easier for Black to tenuki the first line exchange (then block at "a") than for White to do the same.
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B The Footsweep
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . a . 1 2 . . .
$$ | . . . . 3 W . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . 4 . . .
$$ | . . . 5 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by Thunkd »

skydyr wrote:
Thunkd wrote:The first example that jumps to mind is the endgame play where both sides have a wall descending to the second line and either can hane threatening to breaking into the other's territory. One side hane's, the other blocks, then both connect. Whoever plays there first gets to make the sente move.
You don't often see similar situations where one player has a stone placed to make it gote for the encroaching player, but the other does not, leaving it sente?
I do see that. But usually it's not worth playing until the endgame as it doesn't get you much and it's a good ko threat.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by skydyr »

Thunkd wrote:
skydyr wrote:
Thunkd wrote:The first example that jumps to mind is the endgame play where both sides have a wall descending to the second line and either can hane threatening to breaking into the other's territory. One side hane's, the other blocks, then both connect. Whoever plays there first gets to make the sente move.
You don't often see similar situations where one player has a stone placed to make it gote for the encroaching player, but the other does not, leaving it sente?
I do see that. But usually it's not worth playing until the endgame as it doesn't get you much and it's a good ko threat.
Right. So for you, you can play it any time for free, but for your opponent, they have to give up sente to play it.

That means that it's yours already, though your opponent can take it away for a price, so you can count it as yours unless your opponent is willing to pay the price because enough time has passed to make it worthwhile. Of course, by that point, you should have played it anyways generally. But when you take it, you aren't making a gain, because you could have played that move at any time. You're only making a gain against your opponent when you take away their sente moves, which are their points by the same logic.
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Re: How to focus on Sente/Gote?

Post by lightvector »

I think that one-sided sente moves are way, way more common than you think. How about all of those 1-point sente pushes near the end of the game? Between both players, it's not hard for there to be 10+ of them.

Here are some examples illustrating one-sided sente, and how to count using the idea that sente doesn't gain anything, but rather secures what is already yours:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W How many points does black have in the corner?
$$ +--------------
$$ | . X . X . . .
$$ | X . X O . O .
$$ | X . X O . . .
$$ | . X O . . . .
$$ | O O O . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .[/go]
Answer:
Only the 2 points marked below. White can force the exchange below at any time without costing himself a move, whereas black can only afford to spend a move here at the end of the game when all the moves elsewhere are worth only a point or so. So unless white makes a terrible blunder, white will almost certainly play here before black does, leaving black with 2 points.
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White sente
$$ +--------------
$$ | C X . X . . .
$$ | X C X O . O .
$$ | X 2 X O . . .
$$ | 1 X O . . . .
$$ | O O O . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .[/go]
Example:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W How many points does black have in the corner?
$$ +----------------------
$$ | . X . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . X X X O . .
$$ | X X X X . X O O . O .
$$ | O X O O O . . . . . .
$$ | O O . . . . O . . . .
$$ | . . O . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
10 points.

The push of W1 for B2 is white's sente. Note that the situation on the top is neither player's sente (either one can play the hane-and-connect in gote), so we simply split the difference when counting and drop the border straight down.

We could say that black has 11 points initially and that white pushing gains 1 point. But it's more accurate to say that black really only has 10 points here, since the vast majority of the time, white will get this push first. By pushing, white secures what is rightfully his, but does not gain anything new, since we already counted it when saying black has 10 points.
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W 10 points
$$ +----------------------
$$ | . X . . . . . B W . .
$$ | . . . . 2 X X X O . .
$$ | X X X X 1 X O O . O .
$$ | O X O O O . . . . . .
$$ | O O . . . . O . . . .
$$ | . . O . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Example:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W How many points does black have in the corner?
$$ +--------------
$$ | . . . . O . .
$$ | X X . X O . .
$$ | O . X O O . .
$$ | . X O . . . .
$$ | . X O . . . .
$$ | . O . . . . .
$$ | . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .[/go]
Answer:
3 points.

Black is alive, but white can reduce the corner down to 3 points in sente whenever he wants. Black must answer these moves or else his corner dies.
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W 3 points
$$ +--------------
$$ | . 4 1 3 O . .
$$ | X X 2 X O . .
$$ | O 6 X O O . .
$$ | 8 X O . . . .
$$ | 5 X O . . . .
$$ | 7 O . . . . .
$$ | . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . .[/go]
Of course, white should wait until as late as possible in case liberties become important for the outside group, or in case he needs ko threats. If you can manage to do so, the ideal time to play sente is the turn just before the opponent would find it worth it to spend his move preventing it.
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