I highly recommend to not spend time on learning any programming language at the moment - that's the simplest and the least significant part of the task. Learn how search on graphs work: start with basic best-first and depth-first search algorithms and advance to the lamda depth-first proof-number search that handles repetitions (lambda df-pn(r)). Read the Kishi's PhD thesis about tsumego solvers and the Martin Muller's paper about lambda df-pn(r):
http://www.is.titech.ac.jp/~kishi//pdf_ ... thesis.pdf
www.ijcai.org/papers07/Papers/IJCAI07-387.pdf
I also recommend to take a look at machine learning / neural networks. Even if you don't find it directly applicable to the tsumego solvers, it will let you look at existing problems at an entirely new angle:
arxiv.org/abs/1412.3409
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation