$$B the "punishment"
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 2 3 0 9 . . .
$$ | . . O X . O . X .
$$ | . . O X 6 . . . .
$$ | . . 1 4 7 . . . .
$$ | . . 5 8 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B the "punishment"
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 2 3 0 9 . . .
$$ | . . O X . O . X .
$$ | . . O X 6 . . . .
$$ | . . 1 4 7 . . . .
$$ | . . 5 8 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Many amateurs (at least myself) have learnt to answer

with

because if Black descends to

, White cuts at

, either capturing three stones as in this diagram or capturing

and making territory at the 4th line.
$$B Countering the counter
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 2 4 . . . . .
$$ | . . O X 6 O . X .
$$ | . . O X 7 5 . . .
$$ | . . 1 . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 3 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B Countering the counter
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 2 4 . . . . .
$$ | . . O X 6 O . X .
$$ | . . O X 7 5 . . .
$$ | . . 1 . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 3 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
However Black can counter at

and gets superior shape up to

, trumping White's corner territory. Compared to the proper countermeasure Black is much better off here.
$$W Proper countermeasure
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 5 . . . .
$$ | . . O X . O . B .
$$ | . . O X . . 6 . .
$$ | . . X 4 2 . . . .
$$ | . . . 3 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Proper countermeasure
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 5 . . . .
$$ | . . O X . O . B .
$$ | . . O X . . 6 . .
$$ | . . X 4 2 . . . .
$$ | . . . 3 . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
This is the proper countermeasure
$$W Clamp tesuji
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 3 1 2 . . . .
$$ | . . O X 4 W . X .
$$ | . . O X . . . . .
$$ | . 7 B 6 . . . . .
$$ | . . 5 . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Clamp tesuji
$$ ------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 3 1 2 . . . .
$$ | . . O X 4 W . X .
$$ | . . O X . . . . .
$$ | . 7 B 6 . . . . .
$$ | . . 5 . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Should Black resist, then White has the clamp tesuji. Black can resist with

at

but then White will cut at

and the fight will favor her.