Moonlight life and go rules

For discussing go rule sets and rule theory
Gérard TAILLE
Gosei
Posts: 1346
Joined: Sun Aug 23, 2020 2:47 am
Rank: 1d
GD Posts: 0
Has thanked: 21 times
Been thanked: 57 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Gérard TAILLE »

jann wrote:
Gérard TAILLE wrote:Oops I am not talking about "hypothetical play". I am talking only about the "normal" play.
I understand, but I doubt you can have a different opinion about whether passes work as a ko threat in one and in the other.
you have to specify when you decide a resumption is no more allowed. What would be your proposal?
I don't have have, except using common sense (no infinite resumptions).
That makes sense for me Jann.
If I where referee I think I will act as follows:
1) OK to say that a ko can be retaken after a pass
2) A resumption of the game cannot occur in a position for which a resumption has already occured previouly in the game.

I know that it is not mentionned like this in the rule, I know also that the point 2) above looks like avoiding a superko (which is not part in japonese rule) but at least it seems both logical and in the spirit of the rule.
Do you agree Jann?
jann
Lives in gote
Posts: 445
Joined: Tue May 14, 2019 8:00 pm
GD Posts: 0
Been thanked: 37 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by jann »

This is the realm of personal preferences. It can also be said avoiding complicated superko-like concepts is one of the advantages (and the spirit) of Japanese.
Gérard TAILLE
Gosei
Posts: 1346
Joined: Sun Aug 23, 2020 2:47 am
Rank: 1d
GD Posts: 0
Has thanked: 21 times
Been thanked: 57 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Gérard TAILLE »

Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X . X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X 1 X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
:b2: pass
:w3: pass

Assume AGA rule is used. Whites stones are alive.
In this context what is the correct wording for the status of white group? It doesn't seem to be a seki with another black group (without two eyes) and, in addition, a seki implies at least one neutral point. It is neither an unconditional living group with two eyes is it? May be we can say it is a living group by miracle!
Bill Spight
Honinbo
Posts: 10905
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 1:24 pm
Has thanked: 3651 times
Been thanked: 3373 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Bill Spight »

Gérard TAILLE wrote:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X . X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X 1 X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
:b2: pass
:w3: pass

What is the reult of the game after the two passes, depending of the rule ?
For japonese rule it seems clear that white group is dead.
But what about Chinese and AGA rules?
Under all modern professional rules, White is dead. Under AGA rules, White is alive in a kind of moonshine life. Moonshine life has been controversial in go history. The original position that sparked the controversy is unknown, but apparently required White to have a double ko for an infinite supply of ko threats.
The Adkins Principle:
At some point, doesn't thinking have to go on?
— Winona Adkins

Visualize whirled peas.

Everything with love. Stay safe.
Bill Spight
Honinbo
Posts: 10905
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 1:24 pm
Has thanked: 3651 times
Been thanked: 3373 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Bill Spight »

Gérard TAILLE wrote:
jann wrote:Japanese rules may be relatively problem-free here (as most rules except strict superko). IIRC resumption is defined and should be possible.

Whether the ko can be retaken after pass (in normal play) is not completely clear but may be guessed as passing for a ko (then retake it) is also the basis in hypothetical play.
The only reference to "resumption" I found in the rule is in the Article 9.3:

3. If a player requests resumption of a stopped game, his opponent must oblige and has the right to play first.

This is not a defintion of resumption and thus the rule seems to me really unclear on that point (I mean retaking a ko immediatly after pass moves), even if I undersatng your guessing.

What is really the purpose of the resumption? Is it only for resolving some disagreements between the two players on the status of some group of stones, or could it be really a strategic mean to retake a ko by using a pass as a ko threat?

Any other ideas from other experts on japonese rule?
The Japanese 1949 rules had been criticized for being illogical and having special rulings. The Japanese 1989 rules provide a rationale for its rulings in hypothetical play. Historically the Japanese rules have required agreement about the life and death of stones left on the board. Hypothetical play is one way of reaching agreement about their status. However, in the case of disagreement, another possibility is actual play. Hence, the article about resumption. But it is possible that the life or death of stones depends upon who plays first, and that is why the players do not agree. That is why the player who requests resumption must allow his opponent to play first. Neither player is allowed to benefit from the discussion about hypothetical play. In theory, both players could lose. :shock: :lol:
The Adkins Principle:
At some point, doesn't thinking have to go on?
— Winona Adkins

Visualize whirled peas.

Everything with love. Stay safe.
Gérard TAILLE
Gosei
Posts: 1346
Joined: Sun Aug 23, 2020 2:47 am
Rank: 1d
GD Posts: 0
Has thanked: 21 times
Been thanked: 57 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Gérard TAILLE »

With pure theoritical point of view, AGA rule allows to build a very strange seki with only one black stone!
Answer in the hidden part
You begin the game by
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B
$$ ---------------------------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . , . . . . . 3 . . . . . , . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
$$ ---------------------------------------[/go]
:w2: tenuki

and you finish the game in the following position, after a very long serie of black passes:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$B
$$ ---------------------------------------
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O X O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O . O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ | O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O |
$$ ---------------------------------------[/go]
In japonese rule black will have a very large win due to all these dead white stones.
But we are in AGA rule and black is not allowed to take the white stones. Then it is a seki with a large win for white!
BTW it is a seki with no eyes and only one neutral point!
jann
Lives in gote
Posts: 445
Joined: Tue May 14, 2019 8:00 pm
GD Posts: 0
Been thanked: 37 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by jann »

Oddly enough I actually had a game yesterday that showed why things should work like above (pass is valid ko threat, several but not infinite resumptions are possible).

The game had a mannenko (not converted to direct ko) and were nearly over. Opponent had more threats but only I could safely connect the ko (making seki). Opponent (probably fearing that I would convert to direct ko if allowed the last ko capture there) tried to fight the ko - and leave it open, which would also deny me a point for the last capture. There were few dame so I would have needed to pass soon (then he would pass as well).

After some discussion he let me take the ko and connect it, but if he would insist on trying I would have needed 5-10 resumptions (the number of his extra threats) to finally win the ko and the last point/prisoner.

A similar rules crisis is mentioned on sensei's page, but apparenty this can happen in everyday playing as well.
Gérard TAILLE
Gosei
Posts: 1346
Joined: Sun Aug 23, 2020 2:47 am
Rank: 1d
GD Posts: 0
Has thanked: 21 times
Been thanked: 57 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Gérard TAILLE »

Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X 1 X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
:b2: pass
:w3: pass
jann wrote:Japanese rules may be relatively problem-free here (as most rules except strict superko). IIRC resumption is defined and should be possible.

Whether the ko can be retaken after pass (in normal play) is not completely clear but may be guessed as passing for a ko (then retake it) is also the basis in hypothetical play.
Oops I am just remebering the following post made by Bill: viewtopic.php?p=259748#p259748
I was rather satisfied to say that black can retake the ko when resumption occurs but Bill seems to think that the ko ban is still in effect.
Does that mean that the question remains?
jann
Lives in gote
Posts: 445
Joined: Tue May 14, 2019 8:00 pm
GD Posts: 0
Been thanked: 37 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by jann »

IIRC passes lifting bans under Japanese seemed to be the majority opinion even that time. And as I wrote above, the other way seem to break even very common situations like a mannenko with few dame.
Bill Spight
Honinbo
Posts: 10905
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 1:24 pm
Has thanked: 3651 times
Been thanked: 3373 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Bill Spight »

Gérard TAILLE wrote:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X 1 X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
:b2: pass
:w3: pass
jann wrote:Japanese rules may be relatively problem-free here (as most rules except strict superko). IIRC resumption is defined and should be possible.

Whether the ko can be retaken after pass (in normal play) is not completely clear but may be guessed as passing for a ko (then retake it) is also the basis in hypothetical play.
Oops I am just remebering the following post made by Bill: viewtopic.php?p=259748#p259748
I was rather satisfied to say that black can retake the ko when resumption occurs but Bill seems to think that the ko ban is still in effect.
Does that mean that the question remains?
Not in Japanese resumption. There the ko ban is lifted. But my impression, which could easily be wrong, is that the ko ban remains in effect under Korean rules.

Edit: The current Korean rules are complicated, and there is no official English translation.
The Adkins Principle:
At some point, doesn't thinking have to go on?
— Winona Adkins

Visualize whirled peas.

Everything with love. Stay safe.
Gérard TAILLE
Gosei
Posts: 1346
Joined: Sun Aug 23, 2020 2:47 am
Rank: 1d
GD Posts: 0
Has thanked: 21 times
Been thanked: 57 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Gérard TAILLE »

Bill Spight wrote:
Gérard TAILLE wrote:
Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White to play
$$ --------------
$$ | O X 1 X X |
$$ | . O X X X |
$$ | O O X X X |
$$ | X X X . X |
$$ | X X X X . |
$$ -------------[/go]
:b2: pass
:w3: pass
jann wrote:Japanese rules may be relatively problem-free here (as most rules except strict superko). IIRC resumption is defined and should be possible.

Whether the ko can be retaken after pass (in normal play) is not completely clear but may be guessed as passing for a ko (then retake it) is also the basis in hypothetical play.
Oops I am just remebering the following post made by Bill: viewtopic.php?p=259748#p259748
I was rather satisfied to say that black can retake the ko when resumption occurs but Bill seems to think that the ko ban is still in effect.
Does that mean that the question remains?
Not in Japanese resumption. There the ko ban is lifted. But my impression, which could easily be wrong, is that the ko ban remains in effect under Korean rules.

Edit: The current Korean rules are complicated, and there is no official English translation.
That is good news, now all comments goes in the same direction: when japonese resumption is used then the ko ban is lift. It remains only the problem of the number of resumption : how avoiding an infinite number of resumption? My view was to avoid a resumption if a previous one has been occured in exactly the same situation (a loop has been detected) but I see it is a kind a superko and this is not in the spirit of japonese rule. BTW the japonese rule is really able to detect a long loop because this rule is able to conclude to a no result game (triple ko, chosei...).
Bill Spight
Honinbo
Posts: 10905
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 1:24 pm
Has thanked: 3651 times
Been thanked: 3373 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Bill Spight »

Gérard TAILLE wrote:That is good news, now all comments goes in the same direction: when japonese resumption is used then the ko ban is lift. It remains only the problem of the number of resumption : how avoiding an infinite number of resumption? My view was to avoid a resumption if a previous one has been occured in exactly the same situation (a loop has been detected) but I see it is a kind a superko and this is not in the spirit of japonese rule. BTW the japonese rule is really able to detect a long loop because this rule is able to conclude to a no result game (triple ko, chosei...).
In practice, at the professional level the number of resumptions is zero. That the question of the number of resumptions arises underscores my sense that the Japanese 1989 rules are not appropriate for amateurs. Let's look at the relevant rules.
Nihon Kiin wrote:Article 7. Life and death
1. Stones are said to be "alive" if they cannot be captured by the opponent, or if capturing them would enable a new stone to be played that the opponent could not capture. Stones which are not alive are said to be "dead."
2. In the confirmation of life and death after the game stops in Article 9, recapturing in the same ko is prohibited. A player whose stone has been captured in a ko may, however, capture in that ko again after passing once for that particular ko capture.
In the case of the 10,000 year ko where the open ko cannot be filled, that stone in the ko mouth is dead. Capturing it does not allow a new stone to be played that the opponent could not capture. End of story. A professional who insisted that that stone is actually alive would lose face badly and be guilty of unsportsmanlike conduct.

Edit: By which I do not mean to imply that a game between two professionals would end in the unfillable ko position. The game would end with the ko filled for seki.

Conceivably, a game between two amateurs could end in such a position, which would be problematic.
Last edited by Bill Spight on Fri Jul 16, 2021 9:01 am, edited 1 time in total.
The Adkins Principle:
At some point, doesn't thinking have to go on?
— Winona Adkins

Visualize whirled peas.

Everything with love. Stay safe.
jann
Lives in gote
Posts: 445
Joined: Tue May 14, 2019 8:00 pm
GD Posts: 0
Been thanked: 37 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by jann »

Bill Spight wrote:In the case of the 10,000 year ko where the open ko cannot be filled, that stone in the ko mouth is dead. Capturing it does not allow a new stone to be played that the opponent could not capture. End of story.
I'm not sure if this refers to my example, but in that case the question was not about life. If the side who cannot fill could force the ko to be left open (with no dame and less threats available for the other side), this would mean an 1 point score difference (the last prisoner) IF resumptions would not lift the ban.
Bill Spight wrote:Edit: By which I do not mean to imply that a game between two professionals would end in the unfillable ko position. The game would end with the ko filled for seki.
Again, only if passes/resumptions lift bans. Otherwise the other side could not actually force and win the ko, and I doubt any pro would give up a point as gift.

About number of resumptions: this is not the only case where Japanese rules don't give strict definitions (possess dame etc). This has its problems but at least also has the advantage of not being wrong if common sense is used (numerous but not infinite resumptions).
Bill Spight
Honinbo
Posts: 10905
Joined: Wed Apr 21, 2010 1:24 pm
Has thanked: 3651 times
Been thanked: 3373 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by Bill Spight »

jann wrote:
Bill Spight wrote:In the case of the 10,000 year ko where the open ko cannot be filled, that stone in the ko mouth is dead. Capturing it does not allow a new stone to be played that the opponent could not capture. End of story.
I'm not sure if this refers to my example, but in that case the question was not about life. If the side who cannot fill could force the ko to be left open (with no dame and less threats available for the other side), this would mean an 1 point score difference (the last prisoner) IF resumptions would not lift the ban.
Yes. Against a stubborn amateur opponent, the game should be reopened and the ko taken and filled. if possible. If the stubborn opponent plays a regular ko threat and then takes the ko back, the game should be reopened again, in the new position. There is only one reopening for each position.

But what if the stubborn opponent plays in a double ko seki
before taking the ko back? Now there is the possibility of an infinite number of reopenings from the same position. Given the history of the Japanese rules and the official commentary, it seems plain that no such ko threat should be effective. Hypothetical play governs. And the pros plainly agree about the hypothetical play. But you can't tell this from the text of the rules. You have to rely upon the official commentary, as well.
The Adkins Principle:
At some point, doesn't thinking have to go on?
— Winona Adkins

Visualize whirled peas.

Everything with love. Stay safe.
jann
Lives in gote
Posts: 445
Joined: Tue May 14, 2019 8:00 pm
GD Posts: 0
Been thanked: 37 times

Re: Moonlight life and go rules

Post by jann »

I think mannenko + double ko seki is similar to a last endgame ko + double ko seki. If the last point decides the winner, it is triple ko (no resumptions since no stoppage either, as now both sides have infinite threats).
Post Reply